Saturday, November 19, 2016

Why the Clinton Strategy worked in Connecticut but not in the Electoral College.


I am not going to hide my shock at the result. Nor will I attempt to claim I saw it coming when I didn’t. However when it comes to Connecticut, given the national surprise, I feel I fared as well as could be expected. At a basic level, Clinton was in no danger in Connecticut. She won here by more than Kerry in 2004. Where the election day pattern held up better than I could have imagined was in tracking the primary map.

Clinton was able to win 47 out of the 53 towns she won in the primary, including Republican strongholds of Greenwich, New Canaan, Darien, Wilton, Easton, Ridgefield and Newtown. The Greenwich margin was 18%, and she ran stronger than Obama in almost all wealthy towns, but almost exclusively there. Some of the improvements were mind-boggling. Greenwich, Darien, New Canaan and Wilton averaged shifts of more than 30 points.

If this had been the end of the story a Clinton walk would have been in hand, but as big as some of her gains were, her losses were larger. She was pretty well slaughtered across all of rural Connecticut but also had big losses in inner-ring suburbs and small cities.

Romney got 55% or more in only 23 towns. Trump got 55% or more in 41 towns. Romney won about 60; Trump won 88. Trump won some very Democratic places headlined by Enfield, Bristol, Plainville, East Haven, Killingly. 

To make matters worse for Democrats, they also saw small erosions in their urban core, driven primarily by decline in voter turnout. Hartford was down 4%, New Haven was down 5%, Bridgeport was down 8%. Yet the cities still produced over 80% of the landslide here and a ton of votes.

The smaller cities and suburbs were not as forgiving. Margin for Clinton in New Britain was down 11%, Windham dropped 16% , Middletown 11%, Meriden 18%, West Haven 18%, Waterbury 28%, and Norwich was down 18%. These are all warning signs. A Democrat simply should not do better in Greenwich than Norwich.

While this math enabled Clinton to have a comfortable win across the state, this map when played out across the swing states spelled doom. Connecticut is simply more educated and more urban than the country, and that is why we voted how we voted. The Clinton strategy to pick off elite Republicans clearly worked here, but the losses with non-elites everywhere else was fatal.


When we look down ballot, we see improvements for Trump in areas with the targeted races. Democratic bleeding in Meriden and Ansonia cost them two Senate seats in districts where Obama previously hit 60%. Clinton performed nowhere near as strongly. Democrats did not gain any compensating seats in Fairfield County as Democratic challengers were somewhat weak or non-existent. On the House side, Republicans gained by the same regional math with a Trump factor or the national ticket mattering in almost every race, except for Pat Boyd in the 50th District, who flipped a Republican seat blue despite the Trump wave. Democrats salvaged gains in three of the seats where the Republican wave was strong in 2010, and overall are far weaker.

The Connecticut fault lines matched the national ones in important ways. One interesting thing for Connecticut Democrats is whether Presidential strength will be mirrored down ballot in the gubernatorial election year, or whether shifting interests will bring other forces to the fore. At this point a Republican sweep in 2018 would seem to be the most likely outcome, though predicting has clearly proven harder than we imagined.


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Monday, November 7, 2016

Final Prediction

Top Lines
Clinton electoral vote 333 Trump 205 electoral vote

Senate 51D versus 49R

House R’s 229 versus D’s 206
Clinton States 
Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, D.C.

Trump States
Alaska, Arkansas, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, West Virginia, Wyoming

Tossup Calls
President,
Ohio, and Georgia (Trump) Arizona, North Carolina, and New Hampshire (Clinton)
Senate New Hampshire (Hassan-D)  Missouri (Blunt – R), North Carolina (Ross- D)
Super Surprise possibility Murphy over Rubio
Another potential shocker -  McMullin takes Utah

Reasoning:
It is fair to say we are more in line with the Upshot and those who believe Clinton is favored. The polling shows Clinton up by a pretty solid median of 4. We also believe that with ground game and early vote analysis, Clinton has more potential polling upside than Trump. The Clinton camp did more work on the mechanics side, and across the board it seems to paying off.  We are inclined toward the view that the electorate will be less white and the Clinton margin will be greater. The chance for Trump’s 2-1  is that his lead with uneducated whites grows even larger.

Alabama 
President Trump
Senator Richard Shelby (R)
House
D's 7
R's  1,2,3,4,5, 6 

Alaska
President Trump
Senator Lisa Murkowski (R)
House
AK AL R 

Arizona
President Clinton  
Senator John McCain (R)
House
D’s  1,3, 7 9
R’s 2,4,5,6,8

Arkansas
President Trump
Senator John Boozman (R)
House 
R’s 1,2,3,4

California
President Clinton
Senator Kamala Harris (D)
House
D’s 2,3,5,6,7,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,40,41,43,46,47,49,51,52,53

R’s 1,4,22,23,39,42,45,48,50

Colorado
President Clinton
Senator Michael Bennet (D)
House
D 1,2,6,7
R, 3,4,5

Connecticut
President Clinton
Senator Richard Blumenthal (D)
House
D’s 1,2,3,4,5

Delaware
President Clinton
House 
D’s AL
D.C.
President Clinton

Florida 
President Clinton
Senator Marco Rubio
House
D’s  5,7,9,10,13,20,21,22,23,24,26
R’ 1,2,3,4,6,8,11,12,14,15,16,17,18,19,25,27

Georgia
President Trump
Senator Johnny Isakson (R) some chance for runoff.
House
D’s 2,4,5,14
R’s  1,,3,6,7,8.9,10,11,12,13

Hawaii
President Clinton
Senator Brian Schatz (D)
House
D’s 1,2

Idaho
President Trump
Senator Michael Crapo (R)
House
R’s 1, 2
Illinois 
President Clinton
Senator Tammy Duckworth
House 
D  1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,10,17
R 6,11,12,13,14,15,16
Indiana
President Trump
Senator Todd Young (R)
House 
D 1,7
R 2,3,4,5,6,8,9

Iowa
President Trump
Senator Chuck Grassley (R)
House
D’s 2
R 1,3,4

Kansas
President Trump 
Senator Jerry Moran (R)
House
R’s 1,2,3,4

Kentucky
President Trump
Senator Rand Paul (R) 

House
D’s 3
R’s 1,2,4,5,6

Louisiana  
President Trump
Senator Runoff (Likely Campbell (D) V. Kennedy(R), but who knows)
House
D's 2
R's 1,3,4,5,6

Maine
President Clinton
Maine 1 Clinton,
Maine 2  Trump
House
D’s 1
R’s 2   

Maryland
President Clinton
Senator Chris Van Hollen (D)
House
D’s 2,3,4,5,6,7,8
R’s 1

Massachusetts
President Clinton
House 
D’s 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

Michigan
President Clinton
House 
D’s 5,9,12,13,14
R’s 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,10,11

Minnesota
President Clinton
House
D’s 1,2, 4,5,7
R’s 3,6,8

Mississippi
President Trump
House
D’s 2
R’s 1,3,4

Missouri
President Trump
Senator Roy Blunt (R)
House
D’s 1,5
R’s 2,3,4,6,7,8

Montana
President Trump
House
R’s AL

Nebraska
President Trump
Nebraska 1  Trump
Nebraska 2 Trump
Nebraska 3 Trump

House
D’s 2 
R’s 1,3

Nevada
President Clinton 
Senator Catherine Cortez Masto
House 
D’s 1, 3,4
R’s 2

New Hampshire
President Clinton
Senator Maggie Hassan (D)
House 
D’s 1,2

New Jersey
President Clinton
House
D’s 1,5,6,8,9,10,12
R’s  2,3,4,7, 11, 13

New Mexico
President Clinton
House
D’s 1,3
R’s 2

New York
President Clinton
Senator Chuck Schumer
House
D’s 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,22,25,26
R’s 1,2,11,23,24, 27,

North Carolina 
President Clinton
Senator Deborah Ross (D)
House
D’s 1,4, 12
R’s 2,3,5,6,7,8,9, 10,11,13

North Dakota
President Trump
Senator  John Hoeven
House 
R’s AL

Ohio
President Trump
Senator Rob Portman (R)
House 
D’s 3,9,11,13
R’s 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,10,12,14,15,16

Oklahoma
President Trump
Senator James Lankford (R)
House
R’s 1,2,3,4,5

Oregon
President Clinton
Senator Ron Wyden (D)
House
D’s 1,3,4,5
R’s 2

Pennsylvania
President Clinton
Senator Katie McGinty (D)
House 
D’s 1,2,8,13,14,17
R’s 3,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12,15,16,18

Rhode Island 
President Clinton
House
D’s 1,2

South Carolina 
President Trump
Senator Tim Scott (R)
House
D’s 6
R’ 1,2,3,4,5,7

South Dakota
President Trump
Senator John Thune (R)

Tennessee
President Trump
House 
D’s 5,9
R’s 1,2,3,4,6,7,8

Texas
President Trump
House
D’s 9,15,16,18,20,23,28,29,30,33,34,35
R’s 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,11,12,13,14,17,19,21,22,24,25,26,27,31,32,36

Utah,
President Trump
House 
R’s 1,2,3,4

Vermont
President Clinton
Senator Pat Leahy (D)
House
D’s AL

Virginia
President Clinton
House
D’s 3,4,8,10,11
R’s 1,2,5,6,7,9,

Washington
President Clinton
Senator Patty Murray (D)
House
D’s 1,2,6,7,9,10
R’ 3,4,5,8 

West Virginia
President Trump
House
R’s 1,2,3

Wisconsin
President Clinton 
Senator Russ Feingold  (D)
House
D’s 2,3,4
R’s 1,5,6,7, 8

Wyoming
President Trump 
House
R AL


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Final Polling Update #22 and an apology

This is, of course, the final polling update of the 2016 cycle as tomorrow is election day.We have a small confession to make. We have used RCP averages throughout this entire cycle because frankly the site is easy to use, but that ease has come at a price. As we have watched more carefully we have noticed a minor skewing of their averages.  RCP’s clear inclusion of narrative skewing polls at the state level means that if we continue through another cycle, we will be doing our own average.  With that caveat, here are the numbers. 

                The races looks ever so marginally tighter this week, but that is somewhat deceptive.  Clinton leads by 47.2 to  44.3 down from 48.0 to 44.9 last week. This was basically because pre-Comey 1 and pre-tightening polls were included last week and dropped from average this week. To give you an idea of the stability here are the current polling numbers with + for Clinton and a Minus for Trump,  (+3, +4, +1,+3,+4 +6,+ 4,-5 ,+5,+7,+2,+4, tie).  Obviously, one of these thing is not like the others. If you drop best for polls for each side,  you end up with Clinton by  3.3. The Four-Way Data does almost nothing to change this math.  We should also note that almost all of the differences in these margins come from differences in Non-White, performance or margin.)  Except for the LA- Times outlier, the White margins moved between 12-18 points in polls for which we could find cross-tabs. Clinton did not do much better in the aggregate even when she got within 12 of Trump with Whites. So we stand by our point from yesterday.   This is a close race, but not one where there is much disagreement about the outcome. For a different outcome the polls have to be wrong en masse. 


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Final Early Vote Numbers in (Nevada, Florida, North Carolina,) Trend a Touch Toward Democrats.


                We have nearly final numbers from Early Voting in these three key Battleground states, and things have improved by a decent bit for Democrats, although one state is lagging slightly.

 Nevada:
        The Nevada 2016 early vote electorate looks pretty much identical to the Nevada eearly electorate of 2012. In Swing Washoe County, Democrats actually improved slightly, going from about a 1000 vote deficit to a 1000 vote victory. In Clark County, Democrats cast 73,000 more votes than Republicans. Democrats therefore gained about 4,000 votes of margin in urban Nevada vis a vis 2012 numbers.  This was offset by slightly larger gains for the G.O.P. in the Rural Counties, meaning that Democrats cast 48,000 more votes in 2012 and about 46,000 more votes in 2016.  Obama’s comfortable win in 2012 makes the 2016 margin feel quite safe.  The Senate race does have a bit of sizzle going into the final day but the math for Trump is prohibitively difficult:  not 100%, but close to 95% (If you want to be an expert, read Jon Ralston from Nevada) https://www.ralstonreports.com/

Florida:
       This is where things have gotten much better for Democrats.  From a small early gap which refused to shrink, Florida now have 88,000 more Democrats than Republicans vote. What is more, Democrats hold an even larger 200,000 vote lead amongst voters who have a low propensity to turnout.  Equally important for their chances, turnout among the segment of the electorate that is not affiliated with a party, is much less white than the overall electorate and contains a surprisingly high shares of low propensity voters.  The Hispanics vote is incredible. 450,000 more Hispanics voted in 2016 early vote than in 2012. This means already  nearly more Hispanics have voted in 2016 than voted in 2012.   Every single one of these numbers is good for Democrats. While there have been some fears on African American turnout, African Americans have cast 70,000 more ballots than in 2012. While Florida still figures to be a very close state, and, as we discussed yesterday, margin matters with Non-Whites, overall Florida looks as if it is trending for Clinton. (All of this with the help of https://twitter.com/electionsmith and Steve Schale)

North Carolina:
                The early voting here is where Clinton probably is most disappointed, but not all the news is bad from her perspective.  Point one is that there is basically no doubt that Clinton leads with ballots already cast.   And ballots already cast are equal to 70% of those who voted in 2012.  With that being said the Democratic lead amongst ballots cast has dropped, and more worrisome for Democrats, African Americans have cast roughly 64,000 ballots.  In a state where Democrats need to make up 92,000 votes, that is not excellent. Democrats, did compensate slightly with about 35,000 more other non-white votes, and Urban Millenials are leading the charge amongst those without a party affiliation.
The one thing which is not clear is whether this year’s early vote totals might partly be the result of a change in strategy amongst Democrats and Republicans.  In 2012 Democrats cast tons of these votes early.  66% of Democrats voted early versus 58% for Republicans.  Democrats may simply have chosen this cycle to focus on getting out their voters with a lower likelihood to vote, and Republicans may have begun to get in on pushing all their voters to vote early. In contrast, the Romney strategy in 2012 was to focus on lower propensity voters. Since Democrats still likely won early vote this year, it very much remains to be seen whether turnout patterns have changed. Democrats have more a fighting chance on election day if their total so far is mostly low propensity voters while the Republicans have burnt a lot of their total.  If the 2012 patterns continue, then things for Clinton get more difficult.  If Republicans still have 42% of their vote to go and Democrats only have 33%, Clinton is cooked, if Republicans did more moving there E-day vote to Early, and Democrats focused on low-propensity, then the race could tilt the other way.  Expect a photo finish regardless. 

 Conclusion:
Since Clinton has many paths to win with Nevada, she has to like her position, particularly since Florida looks good for her as well.  We have also seen incredibly high turnout so far, which may bode well for a big total for election day. 

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Sunday, November 6, 2016

The difference in the election comes down to turnout and margins amongst non-whites.

When you dig around in the numbers behind the polls, the key variables consistently center on the racial composition of the electorate and margins amongst non-whites.  A great number of people were surprised to see Hillary Clinton spending time in Arizona, and two recent public polls from Arizona each show Donald Trump leading by 5 points there.  However, the key thing here is margin with Latino voters.   The NBC/Marist Poll put the Clinton lead among that group at 40%, whereas a Univision poll just of Hispanics in the state found a larger lead of 49%.  That difference alone is worth 2% overall, potentially taking a 5% lead down to a 3% lead.  If the Latino percentage of the electorate also increased slightly beyond the public poll projections then already that would make the race still a bit closer.  Add in a marginally better Native American vote (which is pretty much all anti-Trump), and Arizona is every bit the battleground as anywhere.  

 In Nevada the effect of Hispanic voters upon poll accuracy can be even bigger. CNN’s poll of Nevada which had Trump up 6 points, had him winning 32% of all non-white voters. In contrast, the Univision sample put Trump’s share with Hispanics at a meager 19%.  Given how poorly Trump is likely to perform with the other major non-white group in the Sliver State (African-Americans), CNN’s prediction is giving Trump a Hispanic share at close to 40%.  The gap between 19% and 40% clearly holds the potential to determine the outcome. 

In poll after poll, nationally and at the state level the difference in anticipated margins almost invariably comes down to how non-white do you anticipate the electorate to be and how do you think the non-white electorate will vote.  When we look, for example, at the Republican polling firm Remington, they find in Pennsylvania a somewhat unprecedented 18% of the African America vote going to Trump.  That would be unusual for a Republican.  Their poll in Florida has 22% of African Americans for Trump and 42% of Hispanics.  And so on and so forth.  Pollsters attempting to survey just African Americans or just Hispanics have produced much different results. The two most robust polls of Hispanics put Clinton’s leads at 60 and 40 points respectively. The only poll that exists of just African Americans finds Clinton leading 90% to 2%. These are big gaps.  There also compositional questions. In Pennsylvania we have seen polls with the electorate being as small as 9% African American when exit polls from the last four elections have put that number at 13%.  A dip might make sense this year, but dropping from 13% to 9% is a lot.   

This is not to say that one answer is automatically right and other is wrong.  But we can safely say that this question does play a haunting role over all of the public polling in this race and may also explain some of the 2012 polling failure, when Obama led by only .7 nationally but ended up winning by 3.9%.  Tomorrow we will tackle the early vote and maybe crank out one more state, before also doing our final predictions. 




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Thursday, November 3, 2016

Our Theory of Elections.

As we head into the home stretch, we will be making a prediction as to who we believe will win in every single federal contest just as we did for every single primary contest.  But our basic guiding principle remains the same; past election results are the best guide to future results. If there is a conflict between the polling and the past, the past should be chosen.  Change obviously happens, and it would be foolish to disregard signs of change. However without an incredibly detailed argument as to why the change is occurring it becomes the better part of valor to bet against change.  This is why we did so well in the primary contests.

The 2012 Romney primary contest was won by the Establishment because an utterly unified Establishment confronted what turned out to be the absolute B squad of the Far Right. Even then Romney was constantly pushed and won with way less than 50%. This opened the door for the Far Right in 2016. It was hard to know which of the three right-winger candidates (Cruz,Carson,Trump) would ultimately emerge, but Donald Trump’s two wins in New Hampshire and South Carolina made it almost a fait accompli. 

Likewise, Clinton’s lead with the African American vote, which was never really challenged, made her a lock for the nomination because that is how the Democratic math works.  We learned this convincingly from Obama 2008.  It was also why this blog took Ted Cruz over Donald Trump in Iowa. The candidate of the Christian Right has now won three straight Iowa caucuses and its growing strength was in evidence as far back as 2000. 

Democratic wins in the New Hampshire, Michigan and Virginia Senate races in 2014 push us toward believing those states will stay Blue.  In contrast the agonizing 2014 losses, in Florida’s Governor’s race, and Senate contests in North Carolina and Colorado show just how little difference there was between winning and losing.  The increased turnout expected in a Presidential year could be enough to cause those states to snap back. 

  We also think it is safer to assume states will stay in the rough finish order they were in 2012 except where the evidence is strong enough to strongly warrant alternative conclusions.  Iowa is a great example of such contrary evidence.  In 2014, Republicans gained the open Iowa Senate seat by 8.3%. This was a big flashing red light that things were going badly for Democrats there, and that has mostly been the case this entire year. Iowa isn’t over, but the 2014 result more than any other has moved it out of the states we would expect to get Clinton to 270.

  We will identify other such changes where we see them.  But if you made state by state predictions from 2000 to 2012 and each time you bet that the state would vote for who won it last time, you would have only missed 14 states total in 2004(3), 2008(9) and 2012(2) combined.   In 2006, Democrats won the marquee race in 5 of the states Obama would go on to pick up in 2008, losing in two and not having any in two.  Interestingly it was the two states lacking in marquee races in 2006 which Obama went on to lose in 2012 after having won them in 2008. (Indiana and North Carolina). 

  This brings us at least briefly to a flaw we see in the 538 average. The current 538 average gives Clinton a better chance of winning a Romney won state  (66.7%) than it gives her of winning overall (66.0%).  Yet at the moment, the Clinton camp seems to believe they are competitive in only two Romney states (Arizona, and North Carolina). It is almost impossible for us to imagine a win in either coupled with an overall loss.  Clinton wins North Carolina, but loses Pennsylvania is pretty much the only major path that can be conjured up, and it’s a real long shot.   Winning North Carolina is hardly part of Clinton’s path of least resistance and it would be much easier for her to win on Obama’s clearest path to 270, which was identical in 2008 and 2012, than to snag a Romney state.  We need more evidence  that things are changing dramatically before finding it easier to reverse a 2012 outcome than to produce a repeat of the Obama majority. 

In conclusion, digging into the past was the major reason we out predicted other blogs in the primary. This is our hope as to how we can do better in the general. There are nuggets of truth hiding in the past, or at least that is how we will approach it. 








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Tuesday, November 1, 2016

Early Voting in Key three states trending back toward even.

                While the initial signals from the early vote looked positive for Democrats, as more votes have come in the outlook has gotten slightly less positive for the party of FDR. We focus today on three states: Nevada, North Carolina and Florida.   Democrats may need only of these states and potentially none of them to ultimately prevail.  So today’s analysis takes nothing away from what we found earlier would be necessary for Clinton to win.   But each of these states is certainly in play so it’s worth looking at what we know even though early voting trends should not be overstated.  One key thing we have seen from the early vote, which is very helpful in reading the polls, is that we are looking at an electorate that looks much like that from 2012. There are variations, some helpful for Democrats, some helpful for Republicans but the bottom-line is that 2012 closely resembles what we are seeing this year.  A similar electorate can easily produce a different result, but it is unlikely to produce a dramatically different result.  Now let’s get to the states:

Nevada:
This is the one place where the Democratic bright spot has not lost its shine. The first remarkable thing is that as you read this half of all the Nevada ballots may already have been cast en route to a turnout that looks just like 2012.   In Clark County with four days to go and with the last day traditionally being the largest, Democrats have a 47,980 vote lead on Republicans casting ballots.  In 2012 when all was said and done, Democrats had a 70,708 lead countywide.  Democrats are smoothly on pace to exceed their 2012 margin, if current trends continue.  In Washoe County, things are even a touch better for Democrats.  In 2012, Republicans cast more early votes in Washoe by 880. As of Monday, (Tuesday cut the margin before posting) Democrats have cast 2296 more ballots. That is meaningful improvement, and if it were to hold for the entire voting period, life would become very difficult for Trump statewide because he seems likely to need Washoe in order to win the state. Obama won Washoe as part of his 6.6% win.  Things can still change in the last four days of early voting, but for now Nevada looks good for Clinton. 

North Carolina:
Both North Carolina and Florida are very difficult to get a read on.  When it comes to North Carolina, there is absolutely no doubt that Hillary Clinton is winning North Carolina’s early vote.  She has a 12.5% advantage and a 234,000-vote lead. Yet these numbers mask the reality that she leads by smaller margins than Obama had in 2012.   And even in this there is a catch. It was believed that the Romney campaign made a very strong effort to focus early vote activity only on low propensity voters. This is an important tactic because getting unlikely voters to turn out is more important than getting people who are already likely to vote to vote early. But it also means Obama’s lead may have been artificially high and not likely to be repeated unless Trump was also following the same early vote approach. North Carolina also seems to be on track for seeing way more people vote early than in 2012. This means building as big a percentage lead is harder because more people are included in the overall early total.  Democrats should be cautiously optimistic about North Carolina’s early vote, but certainly nothing here challenges the consensus that North Carolina is exceptionally close. 

 Florida:
Just read this is instead.  It is by the guy who won FL for Obama in both 2008 and 2012. http://steveschale.squarespace.com/blog/2016/11/1/one-week-to-go.html We have nothing to add. Florida is exceptionally close and likely will be to the end.  The Early vote has a 16,000-vote lead for R’s, yet No Party Affiliation voters may be leaning D, and there’s a chance for Dems to gain if some unreturned mail ballots come in.  Dems have 80,000 more such ballots than does the G.O.P.   That is where the race stands. 


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Monday, October 31, 2016

Polling Update #21: Race has tightened, time to look at Clinton’s path of least resistance to 270.

           There can be little doubt that the Presidential race is closer than it was last week. It is possible it will get closer still. Clinton leads by 3.1% points 48.0% to 44.9 % in the two-way RCP average, down from 5.5% last week: 47.8% to 42.3%.  In the 4 way the margin is now at 3.2 %:  45.6% to 42.4%, which is down from 5 points last week 44.9% to 39.9%.  Besides the obvious tightening, the clear thing about these polls is that Clinton hasn’t lost any support, but Trump has gained.   Since Clinton was very close to being on a winning number already, this may just be natural partisan returning to the fold.  Frankly this current set of polling is heavy on daily tracking polls and short on the national surveys from big firms, which we are more inclined to trust.  Still the race is close enough that the Electoral College scenarios, which usually don’t come into play, may now clearly come to the fore.  On this front the path forward for Clinton is clear.  

Obama won states that earned him 272 electoral votes with the smallest margin in any of those states being 5.37%. Clinton is currently showing a lead in almost all of those states save Iowa, which is giving a slight polling edge to Trump. Clinton makes up for that by gaining Virginia, which was already the state Obama won by biggest margin of states he did not need. Since Virginia’s 13 electoral votes are more than Iowa’s 6 this puts Clinton on 279 electoral votes.   This gives her the leeway to lose either Nevada (which is looking increasingly unlikely because of the early vote) or New Hampshire.

 Clinton is a bit imperiled in Maine’s 2nd Congressional district which is worth 1 electoral vote and comes into play in a mostly tiny set of possibilities. Trump is still eyeing Michigan, Wisconsin, New Mexico and Pennsylvania as possible places to gain but none seems particularly likely.  Clinton also has strong chances in North Carolina and Florida, with Ohio and Iowa still very close and even Arizona presenting as a true tossup.   These additional five states, while interesting, are not where the real battle to 270 is.   The path of least resistance for Clinton with Obama need states plus Virginia and minus Iowa still seems to have her on track to win.  Yet loss of a single state(save Nevada or New Hampshire) can upset this applecart and thus her victory is far from secure.




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Tuesday, October 25, 2016

Early Voting off to a good start for Democrats.

Early voting has begun in earnest in the three major battleground states where it will be crucial: Nevada, North Carolina and Florida.    Nevada’s early vote accounted for 70% of the vote in 2012. In North Carolina it was 61%. In Florida it was 56%.  Here is a quick look at where we are now. 
(These numbers all come from electproject.org)
Nevada 
Through Monday’s total, roughly 17% of the votes cast in Nevada in 2012 had already been cast in this election. Democrats hold approximately a 13% advantage among those who have returned ballots as opposed to a 6% statewide registration. This is just a touch better than in 2012. Since 2012 ended in a 6.6% win for Obama, it suggests everything is on track for Democrats to repeat their 2012 victory. It is still a little early to reach a final conclusion, but then again by the end of the day it is likely 20% of all the votes cast in Nevada will have been cast.  Nevada is looking pretty cooked for Clinton. 
North Carolina
Democrats have a big lead (nearly 20%) in the early vote in North Carolina.  Roughly 15% of the 2012 vote has been cast. However Democrats always dominate early voting in North Carolina, and so far they are doing so at a slightly slower pace than in 2012. Diminished Democratic performance is somewhat mitigated by the fact that in many counties the number and quality of the polling place locations has decreased as compared to 2012.  It is those counties and only those counties that are causing the decline.  These Counties will soon open many more locations, and once that gets going the comparative ground might be made up. It is also important to note that doing as well as in 2012 early vote might not be necessary for Secretary Clinton.  Even though Democrats lost in 2012, Republicans benefited from a big win on Election Day, one which might be harder to pull off when Republicans do not like their nominee nearly as much.  In a week or so we will have a clearer picture. 
Florida  
At the moment Florida has something close to an absolute flat- footed tie.  Republicans have cast about 7,000 more ballots than Democrats, but that only includes 1 day of in person Early Voting, which Democrats won by 24,000. In Florida we have also seen about 20% of the 2012 vote already cast.  These numbers are slightly higher than in 2012, when Republicans built something of an advantage in mail ballots. Democrats had to needle away over the course of early vote. This year Democrats almost entirely erased their deficit after the first day of early vote.  Dems will likely have the lead when today’s results are reported tomorrow. This is better than in 2012 and is considered by those in the know to be very good for Democrats, but a few more days will certainly help clarify. 
Conclusion: 
Nevada looks very good for Democrats, while North Carolina and Florida both look good but will require more results to warrant confirmation. 




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Monday, October 24, 2016

The Nutmeg Preview

We launched this blog to build upon previous columns and ideas developed for Connecticut news sites. To honor that tradition, we’re going to do a deep dive into Connecticut’s elections as we have done for battleground states. 

In case there is any confusion, Connecticut is not a battleground state. In actual battleground states, we have presented models that indicate what a victory for each candidate would look like. Trying to do that in Connecticut would be a lie. As we demonstrated in 2012, for a Democrat to lose statewide in Connecticut in a presidential year is very difficult. That’s even more true with Donald Trump as the alternative; he can’t be expected to win or even be competitive in the 4th congressional district, and a Republican who can not win the 4th can not win the state. 

Democrats have won by over 10% in the last four presidential elections and there is no reason to believe that the trend will end. The interesting thing to watch is whether Clinton is able to break margins set by President Obama in 2008, or whether she will be slightly below that. It is important to remember that Connecticut is not special. The state’s movements from election to election tend to follow the national trends.
When Gore and Bush tied, Gore won Connecticut by 17.5% (Aided by a Nutmegger on the national ticket). Kerry slipped a bit to a 10.4% win in Connecticut over Bush as Bush improved nationally, winning by 2.46%. When Obama won nationally by 7.27%, Obama won Connecticut by 22.3%. When Obama won nationally in 2012 by 3.86%, he won Connecticut by 17.3%. 

Although imperfectly, Connecticut has tended to follow the national trend. Therefore, if Clinton leads Trump by about 6 (what the RCP average has for today), she would be reasonably expected to win Connecticut by about 20%. If she wins by more nationally, Connecticut would be likely to expand. 

The Democratic presidential primary provides a sneak peek as to how Clinton might fare within the state. http://www.dailykos.com/story/2016/7/5/1545065/-Maps-and-Analysis-of-the-2016-Connecticut-Democratic-Presidential-Primary In places where Clinton lost to Sanders, she will either fall behind or improve less on Obama’s 2012 performance. In places where Clinton beat Sanders, she will exceed Obama’s 2012 margin and might even do better than Obama did 2008, perhaps winning Darien,and New Canaan.

Connecticut’s core cities, Hartford, New Haven and Bridgeport, may be an exception because there isn’t much room to improve. In addition, the absolute utter sleepiness of the Senate race this year, compared to 2012’s monster mash race with the WWE”s Linda McMahon, is likely to be less urgent in the cities and thus could generate less turnout.(not to mention the lack of Obama on the ballot)  Because we can’t yet know how Trump will perform nationally, we can’t know if there are any towns to watch for him to win that Obama won four years ago. If there are any, they are likely to be in the 2nd Congressional District or the Naugatuck Valley.

This brings us to the section specially for the Connecticut State Capitol crowd. We take issue with the idea that there is no connection between the top of the ticket races and those further down the ballot. Republicans like to point to the fact that they didn’t lose seats in 2012 despite Obama’s win. That was basically true, but hid a bigger truth. After the 2012 elections, Republicans held just three House seats in districts where Obama got over 55% of the vote. By contrast, Democrats only held one seat in a district Obama did not win. One of those three Republican seats was the only seat Democrats picked up in 2014. 

Top of the ticket matters a great deal down ballot, but it depends a lot on the margin. The battle is for 36 seats in places where Obama won by 50% to 55%. Democrats currently hold 13 of these seats. Republicans hold 23 of these seats. Republicans also hold eight seats in places Obama got more than 55% as a result of their excellent performance in the mid-term elections; six were gained in 2014, and the two others are open this year. 

It is not as simple as the party that wins at the top of the ticket necessarily wins at the bottom, but it is true that there is a strong push in that direction. This is particularly true in Connecticut because so many of the Republican House incumbents who are being challenged are one-termers and it is harder to build up the incumbent advantage in that time. If those who voted for the Democratic candidate in 2014 vote for the Democratic candidate in 2016, then the presidential year voter surge alone is likely enough to take down many of these Republicans. 

On the Senate side, the gerrymander is striking enough that it is hard to have much in the way of turnover. Democrats currently hold the seats they should save one and Republicans mostly hold the seats they should. Democrats do not hold a single Romney-won seat (there are only six). In places where Obama got 55% or better, Democrats hold the Senate seat, except one won by a Republican in 2014.The Democrats hold just two seats in places Obama won by less than 55%. Republicans are making a play for an open seat in Groton/Stonington that Obama won with 56%. There is some Republican effort to play in districts Obama won with 60% or better   in 12 but those seats do not seem overly promising for Republicans. It is not clear what seats Democrats are targeting for pickups.

In conclusion, a status quo state Senate seems like the most likely outcome. (The range is R +1 to D+2). In the House, Democrats seem likely to gain, (although the range is R+2 seats to D+10).

We have not talked at all about the Congressional races because there might as well not be Congressional races. Realizing defeat was near certain, Republicans did not raise the money needed to mount competitive races and thus made defeat 
completely certain.

We predict Clinton by 20% in Connecticut and, if we’re wrong and had to say whether it was more or less, we’d say more.  We will be around to heckle if we are wrong. 





















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Polling Update # 20 All Quiet, except for the outliers.

This week saw a slight dip for Clinton in the RCP average, but with time running out her odds of winning increased nonetheless.  At an earlier stage in the race, the time remaining mattered less, just as being up 7 points in a football game with a half to play is not that much different from being up 7 with three quarters to go.  However now that we have reached the last two weeks Hillary gains more from eating up one of the three remaining weeks than she loses from a slight narrowing of the margin. So let’s look at the numbers. Clinton now leads in the two-way race: 47.8 % to 42.3%, down from last week when she led 48.8% to 41.8%. In the four-way, the race is now 44.9% to 39.9%, down from 46% to 38.9% last week.  The primary driver behind this decline is the new Investor’s Business Daily tracking poll, which shows a tie in both contests and is new this week.  One poll showing a tie can move the average by about a point. For example, if you had 5 polls, each with a 5-point lead, the poll average margin would be 5%.  If you then added one that was tied, the average would drop to 4.2%. There is no reason to discount the IBD poll, but there is no reason to think it is special either.  Before this is over, we might go back and check to see if lopping off the best and worst poll for each side would yield a better result or if pure averaging is better. Either way the advent of this outlying poll is responsible for most of the average change, and that’s why we called the week quiet with the exception of outliers. The one other thing to watch is that there are still somewhere between 7% and 10% undecided, depending on whether we use the 2 or 4 way.  10% left is basically nowhere near enough to overcome a 6% deficit (Trump would need 80% of them).  But if the undecided simply don’t show or tip one way or another that could go a long way toward determining the size of the spread. For now the point is clear: Clinton leads and there is very little time left on the clock. 
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Friday, October 21, 2016

Is Evan McMullin Really Playing to Win?

For those who might not know, Evan McMullin is a conservative “Never Trump” Republican presidential candidate who has gotten on the ballot in 11 states. He is making waves in one of them (Utah) with the possibility for waves in another (Idaho). As a principled stand, McMullin’s candidacy makes some sense.  There are lots of reasons Republicans can’t stand Clinton as well as lots of reason they can’t stomach Trump.

But that is not the only argument his camp is making and this is where he comes undone. McMullin’s camp is now spurred on by a 538 story http://fivethirtyeight.com/features/how-evan-mcmullin-could-win-utah-and-the-presidency/ that describes a plan to victory that keeps Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton both under 270 electoral college votes and thus throws the race to the House.  https://twitter.com/Evan_McMullin/status/787473094529003520 McMullin’s chief adviser touted that possibility today. https://twitter.com/TheRickWilson/status/789555652767076353

At the same time, however, McMullin is pursuing another strategy that would make it impossible for him to deny both Trump and Clinton the electoral votes needed to win. McMullin is calling for voters to vote for him in all 50 states. Because McMullin is more conservative leaning, his voters, particularly those who write in his names in states where he’s not on the ballot, could cost Trump some states. The conservative leader Eric Erikson, formerly of Red State, says he is writing in McMullin in Georgia. That is a state McMullin definitely needs Trump to win to keep Clinton under 270 and preserve his own chance of winning the presidency in the House. Yet, here is McMullin bragging about a vote he got in Georgia. https://twitter.com/Evan_McMullin/status/789203260628271104

It might be fun to pretend you could win if you got lucky. But the rest of McMullin’s messaging suggests he wants votes everywhere and the better he does in states he can’t win, the less chance he has to win. Without the explicit command not to hurt Trump, the McMullin campaign is just helping Clinton.  

Clarity from the campaign on whether it is playing to win, or playing to get as many votes as possible, would be helpful. For now it seems as if McMullin would like to chase the fever dream without acknowledging that his actions undermine his admittedly tiny chances to win.

This all might seem like pointless speculation and, to some extent, it is. But it is important to remember that during the Republican primaries the inability to run internal simulations of what would happen with so many candidates and no cooperation helped make Trump the winner. The Republican establishment didn’t focus on or understand the rules. Being mushy on these tactical questions is what got Republicans into this fix to begin with.  

Being clear about how systems work is as important as being clear about what you are trying to accomplish.  Lacking this clarity matters. McMullin does not appear to be playing to win and thus should not lean on it in his messaging.  








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Thursday, October 20, 2016

Reading Tea Leaves in the Early Vote in Battle Ground States

We like to think that election day is election day, but it’s not. Many states will begin their early voting process within the next three days; the first day of early voting in North Carolina was today. In 2012 about 36% of the all votes were cast early or absentee. In many states with such options, far more than half of the vote was cast that way. Before we go further, it is important to note that most of the base data that shapes our understanding comes from Professor Michael McDonald and his fantastic work at electionproject.org.

Early voting means a campaign can come very close to wrapping up the election by building a lead that is very difficult to overcome on election day. In-person early voting in particular is a vote of choice for African Americans and thus it helps Democratic candidates. Democrats depend heavily on success in the early vote in three states, North Carolina, Florida and Nevada. In 2012, 56% of Florida’s vote was early, 70% of Nevada’s vote was early and 61% of North Carolina’s vote was early. The trend in these states is toward even more early voting.

Because partisan identification and demographics will play a large role in this election, having a clear idea of who has voted and how they have voted can say a lot about how the election will go. If a candidate builds a lead with a high percentage of the vote in, it becomes difficult to overcome.

Nevada has no data in yet. In both Florida and North Carolina, Democrats are running ahead of their 2012 pace while Republicans are running slightly behind. It is also significant that so far those states’ results are from absentee mail ballots, a method that traditionally favors Republicans but one which Democrats have cut into pretty well so far. Florida in-person voting will start Monday. Results from North Carolina’s first day of in-person early voting should tell us a lot about how effective the Democratic efforts will be.  

In addition to a polling update on Monday, we will be giving early vote updates on Tuesdays and perhaps on Fridays as well. We can learn a lot from early vote and will try to bring it to you first. 






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Tuesday, October 18, 2016

Why Texas Is the State to Watch in an Epic Blowout

We got unexpected news yesterday that the Clinton campaign was going up on the air in Texas. This comes as three polls show Clinton within striking distance in the state.

The odds still overwhelmingly favor Trump in Texas and the amount of money the Clinton campaign is putting in does not suggest that the campaign is taking the state all that seriously. But the math for a Clinton win is not quite as forbidding as people might think.  

What’s striking is how little the nonwhite vote needs to move to make the contest competitive. To analyze the demographic trends, we unfortunately don’t have a Texas exit poll from 2012. We are left only with the data from 2008. That year, McCain got a solid, if not spectacular, 25% of the nonwhite vote which made up 37% of the electorate. Trump seems unlikely to duplicate that performance, and that is where his trouble starts. 

This year, the nonwhite portion of the electorate is likely to be around 40%. Combine that with white Democrats, who make up about 10% of the electorate, and that means that 50% of the voters come from Democratic base groups. More Democratic voting Hispanics mean Clinton is likely to get 80% of that half of the electorate, compared to Obama’s 75% in 2008. This gives her 40% of the vote right out of the gate.   

Trump will bounce back, however, as the remaining white voters voted nearly 85% for McCain and he won by about 11%. Obama’s 75% with his 50% is not as good as McCain’s 85% with his 50%. Clinton is likely to do a bit better by taking 10% of the type of whites who voted for McCain, putting her at 45% of the vote (which is not that far from her average of the three recent polls). Clinton could win with that percentage if 10% votes for third party candidates. That is a lot of votes for a third party but it is not an impossibly high number. 

Trump has two somewhat connected problems in Texas. The first is that most Texans did not necessarily buy what he was selling in the primary. Trump got only 26.7% of the vote in the Texas primary, one of his worst showings in the country. This poor performance was likely due to the presence of native son Ted Cruz. Yet their ugly battle likely had spill-over effect. Although Cruz technically may have waived the white flag of surrender, there is little doubt the bad blood is still very bad.   

The other problem for Trump in Texas is that due to massive gerrymandering almost all Texas Republicans are likely to win no matter what the turnout in their districts is. In addition, there’s no U.S. Senate race. So Texas Republicans have little incentive to work hard. Staying home has no real downside for the voter and no real downside for the party, except a Trump loss and they don’t particularly like Trump. If anything, a Trump loss in Texas could be psychically satisfying for the Texas establishment and, ironically, could bring additional resources to the state party should it now be in play. It doesn’t help Trump that Jeb Bush’s son is in charge of making sure Trump wins in Texas and George P. may not be particularly eager for that to happen. 

Even if the Trump campaign senses the danger, it does not have the resources or the ability to get into the state and do much. They are already out-organized and put-funded. 

Republicans traditionally count on about one in four nonwhite voters or better and they are simply not going to get that this year. They still will probably be able to carry the state, but if the race lands at about 9% nationally, Texas could fall.



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Monday, October 17, 2016

Polling Update # 19: Clinton Calm Continues

As the negative news continues to swirl around Donald Trump, this week’s polling is very similar to last week’s.  

In the two-way polling, Trump trails by 7.0%, 48.8% to 41.8%, compared to last week’s 48.3% to 42.5%. The four-way polling has Trump losing even more ground, trailing by 7.1 points. Clinton has 46% to Trump’s 38.9 %, a two point gain for Clinton, compared to last week’s 44.8% to 39.7%. These are very solid leads, confirmed by almost all of the polling available. 

The interesting questions building off of our last post are these: Is this Trump’s ceiling and what will happen with undecided voters? Is partisanship going to lead them back to Trump? Are they going to vote at all or are they going to vote for a third party? Third party or undecided voters currently account for between 9% and 15% of voters. We are clearly past the point where there are enough of these voters to turn the tide, as Clinton seems likely to win on the amount of support she has now. 

If Trump only gets 41.8% of the votes, his current number, that is going to be hard on Republicans down ballot. His percentage might grow slightly as undecideds decide not to participate, leaving his decided voters as a slightly bigger pool of all voters. This would also increase his deficit as the larger number of Clinton voters would gain by more.

Trump’s percentage of the vote is now getting closer to the percentage of voters who view him favorably. He has a 34.5% favorable rating, according to the RCP average, so he is still getting some voters who don’t like him but not many. This all means that the undecided pool does not include many people who like him. 

Clinton’s favorable score is also moving up with her overall polling. She is viewed favorably by 43.2% of those polled, and is actually doing a touch worse than Trump at adding unfavorable voters to her total. 

Roughly 20% of the voters have an unfavorable opinion of both candidates. But Clinton has about an 8% higher favorable rating than Trump. That means Trump would need to get 70% of voters who dislike both candidates to vote for him to overcome his deficit. Since these voters have the option of either not voting or voting for third parties that becomes very difficult to pull off. Trump needs to drive down Hillary’s favorables at a time he is having a hard time making any real news beyond the chaos. 

With three weeks to go, what happens with the undecided/third party vote will determine how many states Clinton will win and help decide the down ballot races. This is what we are watching. 








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Sunday, October 16, 2016

The Republican Nightmare Scenario

The current polling now points to two possibilities in the presidential race: Trump loses in the five-point range or Trump loses in an absolute avalanche. There is not much polling to suggest it could be any better than that for Trump at this point. Although things can and do change quickly, the new sexual assault revelations seem to have set the arrow in a clear direction.  Because of this, we thought it was important to give an idea of what could happen if the bottom falls out of the Republican vote.

 Presidential elections tend to have much larger turnouts than those held during midterms. In 2012, around 129 million people voted. In 2014, only around 83 million voted. This gap is largely responsible for Republican control of Congress. The danger for Republicans in this election is that Democrats approach Presidential year turnout but Republicans, despondent over Trump’s chance to win or too disgusted to even bring themselves to vote, decide not to show up at the polls. It dramatically changes the calculus.

To give just a rough idea. There are 84 House districts in which the vote total for the Democratic candidate in 2012 would beat the winning total for the Republican in 2014. Now clearly some of these districts are just way too red to actually be in play. But the point stands that if you get asymmetric turnout you can have wacky results. Congressional Republicans’ allure alone is usually not enough to generate turnout high enough to save them. 

Trump may yet be able to stabilize somewhat. He might even come back. But for Republicans there is a very real danger that admission of defeat at the Presidential level will mean defeat down ballot as Trump supporters despair and don’t vote. 

Standing by Trump, however, carries its own dangers. Some voters are really furious about his candidacy and thus may not appreciate a kind word directed toward him by their representative. These cross-cutting pressures, combined with the risk of asymmetric turnout, is what could pull the Republicans under. There is very little Republicans can do about this problem either, which to some degree they know. The Access Hollywood tape brought a string of un-endorsements last weekend but since then silence and even a few re-endorsements. Alienating Trump people turned out to be a bad idea.   

The danger of both supporting Trump and not supporting Trump could lead to asymmetric turnout and Republican ruination. In such a case, upwards of 80 House seats and 10 or so Senate seats could actually fall. This is still very unlikely but it is no longer impossible. 




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Monday, October 10, 2016

Polling Update # 18: The state of the meltdown.

We have all been looking at huge news that has upended the discussion and moved the polls.

 Hillary Clinton now leads by 5.8% in the two-way race 48.3% to 42.5%. Clinton is up two points from last week, when she had 48.1% to Trump’s 44.3%. In the four-way, Clinton leads by 5.1%, 44.8% to 39.7%. This is up 1.4% from last week when she had 44.3% to 40.6%.

We don’t yet have an idea of just how big this lead is going to be. There are some rumblings that it is going to be bigger but we don’t yet know. Big news can swing things in a big way. We will see more as we go forward but for now Clinton is on the march. 
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Tuesday, October 4, 2016

Polling Update # 17: Clinton Debate win leads to a safer lead

                Sorry about missing last week. The data kept changing before we could get a report up, and then it was already debate time.  However, in the two weeks since we wrote, things have gotten better for Clinton.   While she led in the two-way RCP average by just .9% two weeks ago (44.9 to 44.0), today she leads by 3.8% (48.1% to 44.3%). In the four-way race, two weeks ago it was  .7 with Clinton at 41.0% and Trump at 40.3%. Now it is 3.7% with Clinton at 44.3% to Trump at 40.6%. Besides the obvious improvement for Clinton, one interesting take away is that both candidates have gained support. Trump .3%  in each average and Clinton 2.9% in the head to head and 3% with the minor party candidates included. Undecided voters are deciding, and so far they are mostly picking Clinton.  Clinton is also nudging ever closer to having the amount of support that she needs to win without adding from the group who might be undecided. We are still a long way to go, but for the moment Clinton leads by about what Obama won by in 2012. 
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The Scorecard

The Scorecard

The Scorecard is a political strategy and analysis blog. Our hope is to provide information and insight that can be found nowhere else into how and why things are happening in American politics. Unlike many political pundits, we will tell you who we think is going to win as an election approaches; we will tell you why; and we will give you a sense of our level of confidence. Ours is a holistic approach, one that takes in as many numbers as possible but is also willing to look past the numbers if need be. When we turn out to have been wrong, we will let you know. When we are right, we’ll let you know that too.

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Author Jason Paul is a longtime political operative who got his start as an intern in 2002. He has been a political forecaster for almost as long. He won the 2006 Swing State Project election prediction contest and has won two other local contests. He had the pulse of Obama-Clinton race in 2008 and has been as good as anyone at delegate math in the 2016 race. He looks forwards to providing quality coverage for the remainder of the 2016 race.